Bulgarie

  • Président :Rumen Radev
  • Premier ministre:Dimitar Glavchev
  • Capitale:Sofia
  • Langues:Bulgarian (official) 76.8%, Turkish 8.2%, Roma 3.8%, other 0.7%, unspecified 10.5% (2011 est.)
  • Gouvernement
  • Bureau de statistique national
  • Population, personnes:6 645 149 (2024)
  • Surface en km2:108 560
  • PIB par habitant, US$:13 974 (2022)
  • PIB, milliards US$ en cours:90,3 (2022)
  • Indice de GINI:39,0 (2021)
  • Classement Facilité à faire des affaires:61

Tous les ensembles de données: A B C D E F G H I L M N O P R S T U V W Y
  • A
    • mai 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 12 mai, 2024
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      The indicator reflects the purchasing power of households and their ability to invest in goods and services or save for the future, by accounting for taxes and social contributions and monetary in-kind social benefits. It is calculated as the adjusted gross disposable income of households and Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households (NPISH) divided by the purchasing power parities (PPP) of the actual individual consumption of households and by the total resident population. The values are also offered as an index calculated in relation to the European Union average set to equal 100. If the index of a country is higher than 100, this country's level of adjusted gross disposable income of households per person is higher than the EU average and vice versa. Please note that this index is intended for cross-country comparisons rather than for temporal comparisons. Finally, the disparities indicator offered for EU27 (from 2020) is calculated as the coefficient of variation of the national figures. This time series offers a measure of the convergence of household income between the Member States of the EU.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of people aged 25 to 64 who stated that they received formal or non-formal education and training in the four weeks preceding the survey (numerator). The denominator consists of the total population of the same age group, excluding those who did not answer to the question 'participation in education and training'. Adult learning covers both general and vocational formal and non-formal learning activities. Adult learning usually refers to learning activities after the end of initial education. Data stem from the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS).
    • décembre 2022
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 21 décembre, 2022
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    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the amount of ammonia (NH3) emissions as a result of the agricultural production. The EU inventory on air pollution compiled by the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP Convention) is fully consistent with national air pollution inventories compiled by the EU Member States. Ammonia emissions per hectare are calculated using the total utilised agricultural area (UAA) of the relevant year as denominator.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of total utilised agricultural area (UAA) occupied by organic farming (existing organically-farmed areas and areas in process of conversion). Farming is recognised to be organic if it complies with Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007, which has set up a comprehensive framework for the organic production of crops and livestock and for the labelling, processing and marketing of organic products, as well as for governing imports of organic products into the EU. The detailed rules for the implementation of this Regulation are laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 889/2008.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 juin, 2024
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      The indicator shows the number of first-time asylum applicants per million inhabitants and the number of positive first instance decisions per million inhabitants. Please note that caution is required when comparing these two values, since applications received in a given year might not be processed until a later year. Source data are supplied to Eurostat by the national Ministries of Interior and related official agencies. A first-time applicant for international protection is a person who lodged an application for asylum for the first time in a given Member State. First instance decisions are decisions granted by the respective authority acting as a first instance of the administrative/judicial asylum procedure in the receiving country.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 14 juin, 2024
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      Average CO2 emissions per km from new passenger cars
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator is defined as the average carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per km by new passenger cars in a given year. The reported emissions are based on type-approval and can deviate from the actual CO2 emissions of new cars.
  • B
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 27 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the number and proportion of coastal and inland bathing sites with excellent water quality. The indicator assessment is based on microbiological parameters (intestinal enterococci and Escherichia coli). The new Bathing Water Directive requires Member States to identify and assess the quality of all inland and marine bathing waters and to classify these waters as ‘poor’, ‘sufficient’, ‘good’ or ‘excellent’.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is used to measure water quality. It refers to the amount of oxygen required by aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic substances in a water sample over a period of five days in the dark at 20°C (BOD5), measured as milligrams per litre (mg O2/L) and weighted by the number of measuring stations. High values of BOD5 are usually a sign of organic pollution, which affects the water quality. The cleanest rivers have BOD5 values of less than 1 mg O2/L, moderately and heavily polluted rivers show values ranging from 2 to 8 mg O2/L. Only complete series after inter/extrapolation are presented. For details on the total of measuring stations and their distribution over the countries, please consult the metadata file.
  • C
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 10 janvier, 2024
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      The circular material use rate (CMR) measures the share of material recovered and fed back into the economy in overall material use. The CMU is defined as the ratio of the circular use of material to the overall material use. The overall material use is measured by summing up the aggregate domestic material consumption (DMC) and the circular use of materials. DMC is defined in economy-wide material flow accounts. The circular use of materials is approximated by the amount of waste recycled in domestic recovery plants minus imported waste destined for recovery plus exported waste destined for recovery abroad. A higher CMU rate value means that more secondary materials substitute for primary raw materials thus reducing the environmental impacts of extracting primary material.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 24 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures insured economic losses from weather and climate-related disasters expressed as eonomic losses per year in million euro (in current values). Types of disasters considered are hydrological, meteorological and climatological events. The indicator is based on data from the NatCatSERVICE managed by Munich Reinsurance Company. The NatCatSERVICE is a global database of natural catastrophe data around the world, collected since 1974.
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 23 janvier, 2024
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      The indicator shows the abundance and diversity of a selection of common bird species and is presented as Index 2000 = 100 and Index 1990 = 100. Three groups of bird species are represented: - common farmland species (39 species), - common forest species (34 species), - all common bird species (167 species) which include the farmland species, the forest species and a further 94 common species (generalists, as opposed to the farmland and forest specialists). Rare species are excluded, although some species common in certain Member States may be considered rare in others. The species covered under the common farmland and common forest indices are deemed to be dependent on that particular kind of habitat for feeding and nesting. Each of the three indices is a composite, multispecies index calculated using Monte Carlo simulations as described in Soldaat et al. (2017) and an R-script developed by Statistics Netherlands. The indices are presented for EU-aggregates only and with smoothed values. The indices draw from data produced by the European Bird Census Council and its Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme programme. The data source comprises EBCC/RSPB/BirdLife/Czech Society for Ornithology. Data coverage has increased from 9 to 22 EU Member States over the period 1990 to 2010, with 25 countries covered as of the reference year 2011.
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the volume of aggregated consumption of chemicals for the EU27 (from 2020), expressed in million tonnes. The consumption of chemicals is calculated as the sum of the production volumes (PRODCOM) and the net import volumes of the chemicals (COMEXT) according to the equation: Consumption = production + imports – exports. The data on hazardous and non-hazardous chemicals show the total consumption of all chemicals regardless of their hazardousness. The two sub-categories on consumption of hazardous chemicals – hazardous to human health and hazardous to the environment – overlap by definition and data cannot be summed up.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the total amount spent from the annual budget of the EU Member States as well as of the European Commission and the European Investment Bank, in order to contribute to the international 100bn USD commitment for climate finance under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The 21st UNFCCC Conference of the Parties in Paris urged developed-country Parties again to ‘scale up their level of financial support, with a concrete roadmap to achieve the goal of jointly providing USD 100 billion annually by 2020 for mitigation and adaptation and to further provide appropriate technology and capacity-building support.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator is a composite index based on a combination of surveys and assessments of corruption from 13 different sources and scores and ranks countries based on how corrupt a country’s public sector is perceived to be, with a score of 0 representing a very high level of corruption and a score of 100 representing a very clean country. The sources of information used for the 2017 CPI are based on data gathered in the 24 months preceding the publication of the index. The CPI includes only sources that provide a score for a set of countries/territories and that measure perceptions of corruption in the public sector. For a country/territory to be included in the ranking, it must be included in a minimum of three of the CPI’s data sources. The CPI is published by Transparency International.
  • D
    • octobre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 19 octobre, 2023
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      The indicator measures the standardised death rate of chronic diseases. Chronic diseases included in the indicator are malignant neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases and chronic liver diseases (International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes C00 to C97, E10 to E14, I20 to I25, I60 to I69 and J40 to J47). Death due to chronic diseases is considered premature if it occurs before the age of 65. The rate is calculated by dividing the number of people under 65 dying due to a chronic disease by the total population under 65. Data on causes of death (COD) refer to the underlying cause which - according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) - is "the disease or injury which initiated the train of morbid events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury". COD data are derived from death certificates. The medical certification of death is an obligation in all Member States. The data are presented as standardised death rates, meaning they are adjusted to a standard age distribution in order to measure death rates independently of different age structures of populations. This approach improves comparability over time and between countries. The standardised death rates used here are calculated on the basis of the standard European population referring to the residents of the countries.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 26 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the standardised death rate of homicide and injuries inflicted by another person with the intent to injure or kill by any means, including ‘late effects’ from assault (International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes X85 to Y09 and Y87.1). It does not include deaths due to legal interventions or war (ICD codes Y35 and Y36). The rate is calculated by dividing the number of people dying due to homicide or assault by the total population. Data on causes of death (COD) refer to the underlying cause which - according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) - is "the disease or injury which initiated the train of morbid events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury". COD data are derived from death certificates. The medical certification of death is an obligation in all Member States. The data are presented as standardised death rates, meaning they are adjusted to a standard age distribution in order to measure death rates independently of different age structures of populations. This approach improves comparability over time and between countries. The standardised death rates used here are calculated on the basis of the standard European population referring to the residents of the countries.
  • E
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of the population aged 18 to 24 with at most lower secondary education who were not involved in any education or training during the four weeks preceding the survey. Lower secondary education refers to ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education) 2011 level 0-2 for data from 2014 onwards and to ISCED 1997 level 0-3C short for data up to 2013. Data stem from the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS).
    • septembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 septembre, 2023
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    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 27 avril, 2023
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      The indicator measures the employment in high- and medium-high technology manufacturing sectors and in knowledge-intensive service sectors as a share of total employment. Data source is the European Labour force survey (LFS). The definition of high- and medium-high technology manufacturing sectors and of knowledge-intensive services is based on a selection of relevant items of NACE Rev. 2 on 2-digit level and is oriented on the ratio of highly qualified working in these areas.
    • septembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 septembre, 2023
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    • septembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 septembre, 2023
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      The indicator measures the employment rates of persons aged 20 to 34 fulfilling the following conditions: first, being employed according to the ILO definition, second, having attained at least upper secondary education (ISCED 3) as the highest level of education, third, not having received any education or training in the four weeks preceding the survey and four, having successfully completed their highest educational attainment 1, 2 or 3 years before the survey. The indicator is calculated based on data from the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS).
    • mai 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 mai, 2024
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      6.1. Reference area
    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 29 avril, 2023
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      6.1. Reference area
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 31 janvier, 2024
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    • février 2021
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 09 février, 2021
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      6.1. Reference area
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator shows the total official and private EU financing to developing countries. These consist of net disbursements of Official Development Assistance (ODA), other official flows (OOFs), private flows (mainly foreign direct investment, FDI), grants by private agencies and NGOs and officially supported export credits. ODA consists of grants or concessional loans undertaken by the official sector with promotion of economic development and welfare in the recipient countries as the main objective. OOFs are transactions which do not meet the conditions for eligibility as ODA, either because they are not primarily aimed at development, or because they have a grant element of less than 25 %. Private flows include direct investment, bonds, export credits and multilateral private flows. Grants by private agencies and national NGOs consists of funds for development assistance and relief, together with any additional contributions in kind, including, for instance proceeds from charity Christmas card sales or special appeals (for example, for disaster relief). Developing countries are considered to be those on the OECD DAC (Development Assistance Committee) list of aid recipients. The values are given in current prices.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator is defined as the value (at current prices) of EU imports from developing countries. In this context, developing countries are defined as the countries on the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) list of official development assistance beneficiaries. The indicator is presented broken down by income groups of partner countries, as distinguished by the DAC list. Please note that these groups are not static over time, as countries can change groups.
  • F
  • G
    • juin 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 21 juin, 2023
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      The indicator measures the difference between the employment rates of men and women aged 20 to 64. The employment rate is calculated by dividing the number of persons aged 20 to 64 in employment by the total population of the same age group. The indicator is based on the EU Labour Force Survey.
    • février 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 01 mars, 2024
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      The indicator measures the difference between average gross hourly earnings of male paid employees and of female paid employees as a percentage of average gross hourly earnings of male paid employees. The indicator has been defined as unadjusted, because it gives an overall picture of gender inequalities in terms of pay and measures a concept which is broader than the concept of equal pay for equal work. All employees working in firms with ten or more employees, without restrictions for age and hours worked, are included.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 24 avril, 2024
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      The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union defines this indicator as the ratio of government debt outstanding at the end of the year to gross domestic product at current market prices. For this calculation, government debt is defined as the total consolidated gross debt at nominal value in the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA 2010): currency and deposits (AF.2), debt securities (AF.3) and loans (AF.4). The general government sector comprises the subsectors of central government, state government, local government and social security funds. For further methodological guidance and interpretation, please refer to the Eurostat Manual on Government Deficit and Debt. Total government gross debt in million EUR is shown as well.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 10 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the general government total expenditure on law courts according to the classification of the functions of government (COFOG). This includes expenditure on administration, operation or support of civil and criminal law courts and the judicial system, including enforcement of fines and legal settlements imposed by the courts and operation of parole and probation systems; legal representation and advice on behalf of government or on behalf of others provided by government in cash or in services. Law courts include administrative tribunals, ombudsmen and the like, and exclude prison administrations. In computing the per capita indicator, the average National Accounts (NA) population data of the reference year is used as denominator (calculated as the arithmetic mean of the population on 1st January of two consecutive years).
    • mai 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 07 septembre, 2023
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    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 10 janvier, 2024
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      The indicator measures all waste generated in a country. Due to the strong fluctuations in waste generation in the mining and construction sectors and their limited data quality and comparability, major mineral wastes, dredging spoils and soils are excluded. This exclusion enhances comparability across countries as mineral waste accounts for high quantities in some countries with important economic activities such as mining and construction.
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 31 janvier, 2024
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      The indicator refers to Government Budget Appropriations or Outlays on R&D (GBAORD). GBAORD data measure government support to research and development (R&D) activities, or, in other words, how much priority governments place on the public funding of R&D. GBAORD data are built up using the guidelines laid out in the proposed standard practice for surveys of research and experimental development, the OECD’s Frascati Manual from 2002. GBAORD data are broken down by socio-economic objectives in accordance to the nomenclature for the analysis and comparison of scientific programmes and budgets (NABS 2007).
    • mars 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 01 mars, 2023
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      The indicator measures the population trends of 17 butterfly species at EU-level and is presented as Index 2000 = 100 and Index 1990 = 100 with smoothed values. The indicator is based on data from 15 EU Member States (Belgium, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom). Date is integrated and provided by the European Environmental Agency and Butterfly Conservation Europe/Statistics Netherlands.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 14 juin, 2024
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      Green bond issuance by corporates and governments
    • novembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 novembre, 2023
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      The indicator measures total national emissions (from both ESD and ETS sectors) including international aviation of the so called ‘Kyoto basket’ of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and the so-called F-gases (hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, nitrogen triflouride (NF3) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)) from all sectors of the GHG emission inventories (including international aviation, excluding land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF)). Using each gas’ individual global warming potential (GWP), they are being integrated into a single indicator expressed in units of CO2 equivalents. The GHG emission inventories are submitted annually by the EU Member States to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 avril, 2023
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      The indicator is calculated as the ratio between energy-related GHG emissions and gross inland consumption of energy. It expresses how many tonnes CO2 equivalents of energy-related GHGs are being emitted in a certain economy per unit of energy that is being consumed. The data on energy emissions are being sourced from the GHG emissions reported to the UNFCCC.
    • mars 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 22 mars, 2024
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      The indicator measures gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP). "Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications" (Frascati Manual, 2002 edition, § 63).
    • septembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 13 octobre, 2023
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      The indicator measures the potential surplus or deficit of nitrogen and phosphorous in agricultural soils. A lack of nitrogen or phosphorous may lead to degradation in soil fertility, while an excess may cause surface and groundwater (including drinking water) pollution and eutrophication. Ideally, the input/output of nutrition to the soil should be balanced. Nutrient inputs consist of the amount of nitrogen/phosphorus applied via mineral fertilizers and animal manure as well as nitrogen fixation by legumes, deposition from the air, and some other minor sources. Nitrogen/phosphorus output is contained in the harvested crops, or grass and crops eaten by livestock (escape of nitrogen to the atmosphere, e.g. as N2O, is not taken into account for calculation of the indicator). The land types included in Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA) are arable land, permanent crops and permanent grassland.
    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 29 avril, 2023
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  • H
  • I
    • novembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 novembre, 2023
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      The indicator measures the share of persons who are employed and have an equivalised disposable income below the risk-of-poverty threshold, which is set at 60 % of the national median equivalised disposable income (after social transfers). For the purpose of this indicator, an individual is considered as being employed if he/she was employed for more than half of the reference year. The indicator is based on the EU-SILC (statistics on income, social inclusion and living conditions).
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the reasons why individuals are not actively seeking work, so they are neither employed nor unemployed and considered to be outside the labour force. This definition used in the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) is based on the guidelines of the International Labour Organization (ILO). While several reasons may exist why somebody is not seeking employment, only the main one is considered. "Inactivity due to caring responsibilities" refers to the reasons ‘looking after children or incapacitated adults’ and ‘other family or personal responsibilities’.
    • décembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 02 décembre, 2023
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      6.1. Reference area
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the income share received by the bottom 40 % of the population. The income concept used is the total disposable household income.
    • mai 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 12 mai, 2024
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      This indicator shows the investment for the total economy, government, business as well as household sectors. The indicator gives the share of GDP that is used for gross investment (rather than being used for e.g. consumption or exports). It is defined as gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) expressed as a percentage of GDP for the government, business and households sectors. GFCF consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals of fixed assets plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by productive activity, such as improvements to land. Fixed assets comprise, for example, dwellings, other buildings and structures (roads, bridges etc.), machinery and equipment, but also intangible assets such as computer software and other intellectual property.
  • L
    • septembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 27 septembre, 2023
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      Life expectancy at birth is defined as the mean number of years that a new-born child can expect to live if subjected throughout his life to the current mortality conditions (age specific probabilities of dying).
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of the economically active population aged 15 to 74 who has been unemployed for 12 months or more. Unemployed persons are defined as all persons who were without work during the reference week, were currently available for work and were either actively seeking work in the last four weeks or had already found a job to start within the next three months. The unemployment period is defined as the duration of a job search, or as the length of time since the last job was held (if shorter than the time spent on a job search). The economically active population comprises employed and unemployed persons. The indicator is part of the adjusted, break-corrected main indicators series and should not be compared with the annual and quarterly non-adjusted series, which have slightly different results.
  • M
  • N
  • O
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 24 janvier, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of obese people based on their body mass index (BMI). BMI is defined as the weight in kilos divided by the square of the height in meters. People aged 18 years or over are considered obese with a BMI equal or greater than 30. Other categories are: underweight (BMI less than 18.5), normal weight (BMI between 18.5 and less than 25), and pre-obese (BMI between 25 and less than 30). The category overweight (BMI equal or greater than 25) combines the two categories pre-obese and obese.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      Official development assistance (ODA) consists of grants or loans that are undertaken by the official sector with the objective of promoting economic development and welfare in recipient countries. Disbursements record the actual international transfer of financial resources, or of goods or services valued at the cost of the donor. ODA is here presented as a share of Gross National Income (GNI). GNI at market prices equals Gross Domestic Product (GDP) minus primary income payable by resident units to non-resident units, plus primary income receivable by resident units from the rest of the world. The list of countries and territories eligible to receive ODA is determined by the OECD’s Development Assistance Committee. Since reference year 2016, the EU27 (from 2020) aggregate refers to the ODA provided by the EU and its Member States 'EU collective ODA'.
    • octobre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 octobre, 2023
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      The indicator measures the share of people living in overcrowded conditions in the EU. A person is considered to be living in an overcrowded household if the house does not have at least one room for the entire household as well as a room for a couple, for each single person above 18, for a pair of teenagers (12 to 17 years of age) of the same sex, for each teenager of different sex and for a pair of children (under 12 years of age).
  • P
    • juin 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 20 juin, 2023
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      The indicator measures the share of the children between the age of four and the starting age of compulsory primary education who participated in early childhood education
    • décembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 05 décembre, 2023
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    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 21 avril, 2023
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      The indicator measures the requests for protection of an invention directed either directly to the European Patent Office (EPO) or filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty and designating the EPO (Euro-PCT), regardless of whether they are granted or not. If one application to the EPO has more than one inventor, the application is divided equally among all of them and subsequently among their countries of residence, thus avoiding double counting. Euro-PCT applications are allocated according to the nationality of the first listed applicant. The data shows the total number of applications per country and per million inhabitants.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 juin, 2024
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      People at risk-of-poverty are persons with an equivalised disposable income below the risk-of-poverty threshold, which is set at 60 % of the national median equivalised disposable income (after social transfers). The indicator is part of the multidimensional poverty index.
    • décembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 02 décembre, 2023
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    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 juin, 2024
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      This indicator corresponds to the sum of persons who are: at risk of poverty after social transfers, severely materially deprived or living in households with very low work intensity. Persons are counted only once even if they are affected by more than one of these phenomena. • Persons are considered to be at risk of poverty after social transfers, if they have an equivalised disposable income below the risk-of-poverty threshold, which is set at 60 % of the national median equivalised disposable income. • Severely materially deprived persons have living conditions severely constrained by a lack of resources, they experience at least 4 out of 9 following deprivations items: cannot afford i) to pay rent or utility bills, ii) keep home adequately warm, iii) face unexpected expenses, iv) eat meat, fish or a protein equivalent every second day, v) a week holiday away from home, vi) a car, vii) a washing machine, viii) a colour TV, or ix) a telephone. • People living in households with very low work intensity are those aged 0-59 living in households where the adults (aged 18-59) work 20% or less of their total work potential during the past year.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 juin, 2024
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    • octobre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 05 octobre, 2023
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      6.1. Reference area
    • novembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 novembre, 2023
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      The indicator is defined as the share of people aged 0-59 living in households with very low work intensity. These are households where on average the adults (aged 18-59, excluding students) work 20% or less of their total work potential during the past year. The indicator is part of the multidimensional poverty index.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator is designed to explore respondents’ perceptions about the independence of the judiciary across EU Member States, looking specifically at the perceived independence of the courts and judges in a country. Data on the perceived independence of the justice system stem from annual Flash Eurobarometer surveys starting in 2016 on behalf of the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers.
    • décembre 2022
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 19 décembre, 2022
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      6.1. Reference area
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of women from the age of 15 who answered "yes" when they were asked whether they have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by a partner or non-partner in the 12 months prior to the interview. The results of the survey on violence against women are based on face-to-face interviews with 42 000 women in all 28 EU Member States, with on average 1 500 interviews per Member State. Women were asked to provide information about their personal experience of various forms of violence. Partners include persons with whom women are or have been married, living together without being married or involved in a relationship without living together. Non-partners include all perpetrators other than women’s current or previous partner. The indicator is based on a survey of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA).
    • mars 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 29 mars, 2024
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      The indicator measures the percentage of population connected to wastewater treatment systems with at least secondary treatment. Thereby, wastewater from urban sources or elsewhere is treated by a process generally involving biological treatment with a secondary settlement or other process, resulting in a removal of organic material that reduces the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) by at least 70 % and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) by at least 75 %.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 juin, 2024
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      Share of EU population covered by the new Convenant of Mayors per Member State, as the ratio between the population of the cities that have signed in a country and the total population of that country.
    • septembre 2022
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 09 septembre, 2022
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      The indicator measures the share of total population having neither a bath, nor a shower, nor an indoor flushing toilet in their household.
    • octobre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 octobre, 2023
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      The indicator measures the share of the population experiencing at least one of the following basic deficits in their housing condition: a leaking roof, damp walls, floors or foundation, or rot in window frames or floor. A breakdown by poverty status is available.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the proportion of the population who declare that they are affected either by noise from neighbours or from the street. Because the assessment of noise pollution is subjective, it should be noted that the indicator accounts for both the levels of noise pollution as well as people’s standards of what level they consider to be acceptable. Therefore, an increase in the value of the indicator may not necessarily indicate a similar increase in noise pollution levels but also a decrease of the levels that European citizens are willing to tolerate and vice versa. In fact, there is empirical evidence that perceived environmental quality by individuals is not always consistent with the actual environmental quality assessed using ‘objective’ indicators, particularly for noise.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 juin, 2024
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      The indicator shows the share of the population who reported that they face the problem of crime, violence or vandalism in their local area. This describes the situation where the respondent feels crime, violence or vandalism in the area to be a problem for the household, although this perception is not necessarily based on personal experience.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of population who are unable to keep home adequately warm. Data for this indicator are being collected as part of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) to monitor the development of poverty and social inclusion in the EU. The data collection is based on a survey, which means that indicator values are self-reported.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures confidence among EU citizens in a selection of EU institutions: the European Parliament, the European Commission, and the European Central Bank. It is expressed as the share of positive opinions (people who declare that they tend to trust) about the institutions. Citizens are asked to express their confidence levels by choosing the following alternatives: ‘tend to trust’, ‘tend not to trust’ and ‘don’t know’ or ‘no answer’. The indicator is based on the Eurobarometer, a survey which has been conducted twice a year since 1973 to monitor the evolution of public opinion in the Member States. The indicator only displays the results of the autumn survey.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of female board members in the largest publicly listed companies. Publicly listed means that the shares of the company are traded on the stock exchange. The ‘largest’ companies are taken to be the members (max. 50) of the primary blue-chip index, which is an index maintained by the stock exchange and covers the largest companies by market capitalisation and/or market trades. Only companies which are registered in the country concerned are counted. Board members cover all members of the highest decision-making body in each company (i.e. chairperson, non-executive directors, senior executives and employee representatives, where present). The highest decision-making body is usually termed the supervisory board (in case of a two-tier governance system) or the board of directors (in a unitary system). Executives refer to senior executives in the two highest decision-making bodies of the largest (max. 50) nationally registered companies listed on the national stock exchange. The two highest decision-making bodies are usually referred to as the supervisory board and the management board (in case of a two-tier governance system) and the board of directors and executive/management committee (in a unitary system).
    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 07 septembre, 2023
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    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 juin, 2024
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      6.1. Reference area
    • juin 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 22 juin, 2023
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      Gross domestic product (GDP) is a measure for the economic activity. It refers to the value of the total output of goods and services produced by an economy, less intermediate consumption, plus net taxes on products and imports. GDP per capita is calculated as the ratio of GDP to the average population in a specific year. Basic figures are expressed in purchasing power standards (PPS), which represents a common currency that eliminates the differences in price levels between countries to allow meaningful volume comparisons of GDP. The values are also offered as an index calculated in relation to the European Union average set to equal 100. If the index of a country is higher than 100, this country's level of GDP per head is higher than the EU average and vice versa. Please note that this index is intended for cross-country comparisons rather than for temporal comparisons. Finally, the disparities indicator offered for EU aggregates is calculated as the coefficient of variation of the national figures. This time series offers a measure of the convergence of economic activity between the EU Member States.
  • R
    • mars 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 22 mars, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of R&D personnel broken down by the following institutional sectors: business enterprise (BES), government (GOV), higher education (HES), private non-profit (PNP). Data are presented in full-time equivalents as a share of the economically active population (the ‘labour force’).
    • novembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 21 novembre, 2023
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    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 juin, 2024
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      The indicator is calculated as the ratio of real GDP to the average population of a specific year. GDP measures the value of total final output of goods and services produced by an economy within a certain period of time. It includes goods and services that have markets (or which could have markets) and products which are produced by general government and non-profit institutions. It is a measure of economic activity and is also used as a proxy for the development in a country’s material living standards. However, it is a limited measure of economic welfare. For example, neither does GDP include most unpaid household work nor does GDP take account of negative effects of economic activity, like environmental degradation.
    • janvier 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 19 janvier, 2023
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      The indicator measures the share of a country’s, or the EU’s, own waste, which is recycled. Due to the strong fluctuations in waste generation in the mining and construction sectors and their limited data quality and comparability, major mineral wastes, dredging spoils and soils are excluded. This exclusion enhances comparability across countries as mineral waste accounts for high quantities in some countries and economic activities such as mining and construction. The data reflect the treatment of national waste and exclude waste that is imported from other EU countries; on EU total level the waste imports from non-EU countries are excluded. In the source dataset, the information on waste treatment is broken down into six treatment types: recovery (recycling, energy recovery, backfilling) and disposal (incineration, landfill, other disposal. The indicator presents only data on the treatment type of recovery - recycling.
    • août 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 22 août, 2023
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      The indicator measures the tonnage recycled from municipal waste divided by the total municipal waste arising. Recycling includes material recycling, composting and anaerobic digestion. Municipal waste consists mostly of waste generated by households, but may also include similar wastes generated by small businesses and public institutions and collected by the municipality. This latter part of municipal waste may vary from municipality to municipality and from country to country, depending on the local waste management system. For areas not covered by a municipal waste collection scheme the amount of waste generated is estimated. The Member States report each year the amount recycled and the total municipal waste generated to Eurostat. Data collection, validation and dissemination are performed by the EDC Waste hosted at Eurostat.
    • décembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 02 décembre, 2023
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      The indicator is calculated as the distance between the median equivalised total net income of persons below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold and the at-risk-of-poverty threshold itself, expressed as a percentage of the at-risk-of-poverty threshold. This threshold is set at 60 % of the national median equivalised disposable income of all people in a country and not for the EU as a whole. The EU aggregate is a population weighted average of individual national figures. In line with decisions of the European Council, the risk-of-poverty rate is measured relative to the situation in each country rather than applying a common threshold to all countries.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 13 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the number of fatalities caused by road accidents, including drivers and passengers of motorised vehicles and pedal cycles as well as pedestrians. Persons dying on road accidents up to 30 days after the occurrence of the accident are counted as road accident fatalities. After these 30 days, the reason for dying might be declared differently. For Member States not using this definition, corrective factors were applied. The average population of the reference year (calculated as the arithmetic mean of the population on 1st January of two consecutive years) is used as denominator (per 100 000 persons).
  • S
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 27 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the proportion of women in national parliaments and national governments. The national parliament is the national legislative assembly and the indicator refers to both chambers (lower house and an upper house, where relevant). The count of members of a parliament includes the president/speaker/leader of the parliament. The national government is the executive body with authority to govern a country or a state. Members of government include both senior ministers (having a seat in the cabinet or council of ministers, including the prime minister) and junior ministers (not having a seat in the cabinet). In some countries state-secretaries (or the national equivalent) are considered as junior ministers within the government (with no seat in the cabinet) but in other countries they are not considered as members of the government.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 17 juin, 2024
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      The indicator is a subjective measure on how people judge their health in general on a scale from "very good" to "very bad". It is expressed as the share of the population aged 16 or over perceiving itself to be in "good" or "very good" health. The data stem from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU SILC). Indicators of perceived general health have been found to be a good predictor of people’s future health care use and mortality.
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of the population aged 16 and over reporting unmet needs for medical care due to one of the following reasons: ‘Financial reasons’, ‘Waiting list’ and ‘Too far to travel’ (all three categories are cumulated). Self-reported unmet needs concern a person’s own assessment of whether he or she needed medical examination or treatment (dental care excluded), but did not have it or did not seek it. The data stem from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU SILC). Note on the interpretation: The indicator is derived from self-reported data so it is, to a certain extent, affected by respondents’ subjective perception as well as by their social and cultural background. Another factor playing a role is the different organisation of health care services, be that nationally or locally. All these factors should be taken into account when analysing the data and interpreting the results.
    • février 2021
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 09 février, 2021
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      This indicator captures the amount of settlement area used for buildings, industrial and commercial areas, infrastructure etc. and includes both sealed and non-sealed surfaces.
    • septembre 2022
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 09 septembre, 2022
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    • novembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 novembre, 2023
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    • juin 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 28 juin, 2023
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      6.1. Reference area
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 10 janvier, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of collective transport modes in total inland passenger transport performance, expressed in passenger-kilometres (pkm). Collective transport modes refer to buses, including coaches and trolley-buses, and trains. Total inland transport includes transport by passenger cars, buses and coaches, and trains. All data are based on movements within national territories, regardless of the nationality of the vehicle. The data collection methodology is voluntary and not fully harmonised at the EU level. Other collective transport modes, such as tram and metro systems, are also not included due to the lack of harmonised data. For countries, where rail transport statistical legislation does not apply, the totals contain only the share of coaches, buses and trolley buses.
    • juillet 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 11 juillet, 2023
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      The indicator measures the shares of both environmental and labour taxes in total revenues from taxes and social contributions. Environmental taxes are defined as taxes whose tax base is a physical unit (or proxy of it) of something that has a proven, specific negative impact on the environment. Environmental tax revenues stem from four types of taxes: energy taxes (which contribute around three-quarters of the total), transport taxes (about one fifth of the total) and pollution and resource taxes (about 4 % of the total). Taxes on labour are generally defined as all personal income taxes, payroll taxes and social contributions of employees and employers that are levied on labour income (both employed and non-employed).
    • janvier 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 24 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the proportion of forest ecosystems in comparison to the total land area. Data used for this indicator is derived from the Land Use and Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS). The LUCAS land use and land cover classification has been adapted to FAO forest definitions, distinguishing between the categories 'forests' and 'other wooded land'. LUCAS surveys are carried out in-situ, this means that observations are made and registered on the ground by field surveyors. A mixed panel approach is used, so some points are visited in subsequent years. In the field, the surveyor classifies the land cover and the visible land use according to the harmonized LUCAS Survey land cover and land use classifications.
    • septembre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 19 septembre, 2023
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    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 16 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of rail and inland waterways in total inland freight transport, expressed in tonne-kilometres (tkm). Inland transport includes transports by road, rail and inland waterways. All data are based on movements on national territory; rail and inland waterway transport data are collected based on movements on national territory, regardless of the nationality of the train or vessel; road data are redistributed to the national territory on the basis of reported data on the activity of the vehicles registered in each country and modelling the likely journey itinerary by projecting it on the European road network. Neither sea nor air freight transport are currently represented in the indicator. For countries, where inland waterways statistical legislation does not apply the totals contain only the share of rail transport.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 06 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of renewable energy consumption in gross final energy consumption according to the Renewable Energy Directive. The gross final energy consumption is the energy used by end-consumers (final energy consumption) plus grid losses and self-consumption of power plants.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of the population aged 15 years and over who report that they currently smoke boxed cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos or a pipe. The data does not include use of other tobacco products such as electronic cigarettes and snuff. The data are collected through a Eurobarometer survey and are based on self-reports during face-to-face interviews in people’s homes.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator estimates the increase in sealed soil surfaces with impervious materials due to urban development and construction (e.g. buildings, constructions and laying of completely or partially impermeable artificial material, such as asphalt, metal, glass, plastic or concrete). This provides an indication of the rate of soil sealing, when areas change land use towards artificial and urban land use. The indicator builds on data from the imperviousness High Resolution Layer (a product of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service). Imperviousness is mapped at 20m resolution and with a minimum mapping unit of 20m. The indicator is presented in the following units: Index 2006=100 % of total surface total sealed surface in km2
    • octobre 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 19 octobre, 2023
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      The indicator measures the standardised death rate of tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis (International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes A15-A19_B90, B15-B19_B942 and B20-B24). The rate is calculated by dividing the number of people dying due to selected communicable diseases by the total population. Data on causes of death (COD) refer to the underlying cause which - according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) - is "the disease or injury which initiated the train of morbid events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury". COD data are derived from death certificates. The medical certification of death is an obligation in all Member States. The data are presented as standardised death rates, meaning they are adjusted to a standard age distribution in order to measure death rates independently of different age structures of populations. This approach improves comparability over time and between countries. The standardised death rates used here are calculated on the basis of the standard European population referring to the residents of the countries.
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 26 avril, 2024
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    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 22 avril, 2023
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      The indicator measures the surface of marine sites designated under Natura 2000. The Natura 2000 network comprises both marine and terrestrial protected areas designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives with the goal to maintain or restore a favourable conservation status for habitat types and species of EU interest. Each country is required to fill in a standard data form where sites designated under the Directives are reported in detail, included the size of the site in km2, the existing habitats and species and their percentage cover of the site. A thorough typology has been developed to support precise reporting.
    • avril 2023
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 22 avril, 2023
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      The indicator measures the surface of terrestrial sites designated under Natura 2000. The Natura 2000 network comprises both marine and terrestrial protected areas designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives with the goal to maintain or restore a favourable conservation status for habitat types and species of EU interest. Each country is required to fill in a standard data form where sites designated under the Directives are reported in detail, included the size of the site in km2, the existing habitats and species and their percentage cover of the site. A thorough typology has been developed to support precise reporting.
    • mai 2023
      Source : United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 07 mai, 2023
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      GOAL 12 - Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns SOURCES: United Nations Global SDG Database METADATA: SDG Indicators Metadata Repository
  • T
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of the population aged 30-34 who have successfully completed tertiary studies (e.g. university, higher technical institution, etc.). This educational attainment refers to ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education) 2011 level 5-8 for data from 2014 onwards and to ISCED 1997 level 5-6 for data up to 2013. The indicator is based on the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS).
    • juin 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 15 juin, 2024
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      The indicator measures the share of the population aged 20 to 64 which is employed. Employed persons are defined as all persons who, during a reference week, worked at least one hour for pay or profit or were temporarily absent from such work. The indicator is part of the adjusted, break-corrected main indicators series and should not be compared with the annual and quarterly non-adjusted series, which have slightly different results.
  • U
  • V
  • W
    • avril 2024
      Source : Eurostat
      Téléchargé par : Knoema
      Accès le : 25 avril, 2024
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      The indicator measures the annual total fresh water abstraction in a country as a percentage of its long-term annual average available water (LTAA) from renewable fresh water resources (groundwater and surface water). Total fresh water abstraction includes water removed from any fresh water source, either permanently or temporarily. Mine water and drainage water as well as water abstractions from precipitation are included, whereas water used for hydroelectricity generation (in situ use) is excluded. The minimum period taken into account for the calculation of long-term annual averages of total fresh water abstraction is 30 years. The warning threshold of 20 % for this indicator distinguishes a non-stressed from a water scarce region, with severe scarcity occurring where the WEI exceeds 40 %. Lower indicator values can be associated with lower pressures on groundwater resources. The indicator is limited because i) the total fresh water abstraction does not distinguish between abstracted water that is redirected after use (and after appropriate treatment) back to the water body or if it is used for irrigation purposes with inevitable evaporation and; ii) the abstraction and WEI regard national data and disregard regional and seasonal changing conditions during the course of the year (water bodies/river basins with different level of water scarcity and hot spots in summer time). Furthermore, data at the national level cannot reflect water stress situations at the regional or local level. The indicator does not reflect the uneven spatial distribution of resources and may therefore mask regional or local risks of water stress.
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