Department of Statistics, Singapore

1) Average (mean) monthly earnings refer to all remuneration received before deduction of the employee Central Provident Fund (CPF) contributions and personal income tax. It comprises basic wages, overtime pay, commissions, allowances and bonuses but exclude employer CPF contributions. 2) Data cover full-time and part-time employees who have CPF contributions. They exclude identifiable self employed persons who have made CPF contribution. 3) For details of data limitation, please refer to note 3 of Table B.9 in the Singapore Yearbook of Manpower Statistics, 2016 (http://stats.mom.gov.sg/iMAS_Tables/YearBook/YearBook_2016/mrsd_2016YearBook_WtableB_9.xlsx)

Employment change refers to the change in the number of persons who are in employment, derived by taking the difference in the employment level at the end of the reference period compared with the end of the preceding period. A positive change refers to the additional number of persons who are in employment, while a negative change refers to the decline in number of persons in employment. Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. The industries are classified based on SSIC 2015 from 2009 onwards and SSIC 2005 from 2002 to 2008. Data for 2009 and 2010 are revised at the industry level to reflect updates in industry classification of firms. Data for the earlier years will be revised progressively when the data are available.

Residents comprise Singapore citizens and permanent residents. Based on mid-year Labour Force Survey except Census yrs 1990, 2000 & General Household Surveys 1995 & 2005. Data across the various years may not be strictly comparable due to revisions in the industrial classification. 1991-1994 & 1996-1997 data are based on Singapore Standard Industrial Classification (SSIC) 1990. 1998-1999 data are based on SSIC 1996 & 2001-2004 data are based on SSIC 2000. Data for 1990, 1995, 2000 & 2005 onwards are based on SSIC 2005. Data from 2010 to 2014 are classified according to the SSIC 2010. Data from 2015 are classified according to the SSIC 2015. To facilitate comparison with 2008, 2007 Labour Force Survey data have been adjusted based on Singapore Department of Statistics revised population estimates (released in February 2008) which exclude Singapore residents who have been away from Singapore for a continuous period of 12 months or longer.

Residents comprise Singapore citizens and permanent residents. Based on mid-year Labour Force Survey except Census yrs 1990, 2000 & General Household Surveys 1995 & 2005. Data across the various years may not be strictly comparable due to revisions in the industrial classification. 1991-1994 & 1996-1997 data are based on Singapore Standard Industrial Classification (SSIC) 1990. 1998-1999 data are based on SSIC 1996 & 2001-2004 data are based on SSIC 2000. Data for 1990, 1995, 2000 & 2005 onwards are based on SSIC 2005. Data from 2010 to 2014 are classified according to the SSIC 2010. Data from 2015 are classified according to the SSIC 2015. To facilitate comparison with 2008, 2007 Labour Force Survey data have been adjusted based on Singapore Department of Statistics revised population estimates (released in February 2008) which exclude Singapore residents who have been away from Singapore for a continuous period of 12 months or longer.

Residents comprise Singapore citizens and permanent residents. Based on mid-year Labour Force Survey except Census yrs 1990, 2000 & General Household Surveys 1995 & 2005. Data across the various years may not be strictly comparable due to revisions in the industrial classification. 1991-1994 & 1996-1997 data are based on Singapore Standard Industrial Classification (SSIC) 1990. 1998-1999 data are based on SSIC 1996 & 2001-2004 data are based on SSIC 2000. Data for 1990, 1995, 2000 & 2005 onwards are based on SSIC 2005. Data from 2010 to 2014 are classified according to the SSIC 2010. Data from 2015 are classified according to the SSIC 2015. To facilitate comparison with 2008, 2007 Labour Force Survey data have been adjusted based on Singapore Department of Statistics revised population estimates (released in February 2008) which exclude Singapore residents who have been away from Singapore for a continuous period of 12 months or longer.

Data are based on date of data entry. Data prior to Oct 2016 were from Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA), which was reconstituted into Workforce Singapore (WSG) in Oct 2016. Career services were delivered through WSG's career matching service (CMS) physical touch points and National Trades Union Congress (NTUC)'s Employment and Employability Institute (e2i) centres.

Data are for mid-year. As the income data are captured from a sample survey, the income changes for the 20th percentile nearer the end of the income spectrum tend to be more volatile over shorter (e.g. year-on-year) than longer periods (e.g. 5 or 10 years). Gross monthly income from work refers to income earned from employment. For employees, it refers to the gross monthly wages or salaries before deduction of employee CPF contributions and personal income tax. It comprises basic wages, overtime pay, commissions, tips, other allowances and one-twelfth of annual bonuses. For self-employed persons, gross monthly income refers to the average monthly profits from their business, trade or profession (i.e. total receipts less business expenses incurred) before deduction of income tax. Data exclude full-time national servicemen. Residents refer to Singapore citizens and permanent residents. Before 2009, full-time employment refers to employment where the normal hours of work is 30 hours or more in a week. From 2009 onwards, full-time employment refers to employment where the normal hours of work is 35 hours or more in a week. Data for 2000 and 2005 are not available as the comprehensive Labour Force Survey was not conducted in these years due to the conduct of the Census and General Household Survey by Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry.

Total population comprises residents and non residents. Residents comprise Singapore citizens and permanent residents. Data is based on mid-year Labour Force Survey except Census years 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 and General Household Surveys 1995 & 2005. Data exclude construction workers living at worksites and workers who commute daily from abroad to work in Singapore, except for Census years and General Household Survey 2005. To facilitate comparison with 2008, 2007 Labour Force Survey data have been adjusted based on Singapore Department of Statistics' revised population estimates (released in February 2008) which exclude Singapore residents who have been away from Singapore for a continuous period of 12 months or longer.

The industries are classified according to SSIC 2015.

The industries are classified according to SSIC 2015.

The industries are classified according to SSIC 2015. For further details, see Teo and Ong (2019), Trends in Value-Added (VA) Per Actual Hour Worked (AHW), Economic Survey of Singapore 2018.

The industries are classified according to SSIC 2015. For further details, see Teo and Ong (2019), Trends in Value-Added (VA) Per Actual Hour Worked (AHW), Economic Survey of Singapore 2018.